Let’s learn how to make classic sponge cake. This light and airy sponge cake is a perfect base for many delicious cakes! With just 3 ingredients, this cake is quick and easy to make, and very versatile to flavor and decorate.
What is sponge cake?
Before we dive into the technique, let’s talk about what is sponge cake.
Sponge cake is a type of foam cake where the tall and airy texture comes from whipped eggs without chemical leaveners like baking soda or baking powder. Classic sponge cake, like this one, is fat-free cake, meaning there is no butter or oil in the batter.
While sponge cake is beautifully tall, fluffy and light, this is not moist kind of cake. Sponge cake tends to be a little on drier side. BUT this is actually an advantage of this cake, because you can infuse the cake layers with all kinds of delicious syrups, liquors and fruit sauces. Once assembled, these beautiful sponge layer cakes won’t be dry at all.
How sponge cake is different from génoise and gâteau?
Génoise and gâteau are also a variation of foam cake, but unlike sponge cake, they have a little bit of butter in the batter.
Though it’s very easy to make a classic sponge cake, there’re a few important notes to keep in mind for optimum success.
Tips for successful sponge cake:
- Be careful when separating the egg whites and yolks. You don’t want any kind of fat/yolk in your egg whites, or egg whites won’t whip into stiff peaks. Here’s how I separate egg whites and egg yolks: I set out 3 bowls. One for collecting egg whites, one for collecting egg yolks and one for breaking each egg. I break one egg over my “working bowl” and gently drop egg whites while transferring egg yolk back and forth between the shells. Then I transfer the egg white into “egg white bowl” and egg yolk into “egg yolk bowl”. This way if you accidentally break an egg yolk, you won’t ruin the whole batch of egg whites you so carefully separated. Trust me, this lesson comes from numerous real-life accidents!
- It’s easy to separate cold eggs, but room temperature eggs whip better. I recommend separating the eggs right way when you bring them out of the fridge and at least 30 minutes before you start making the cake.
- It’s very important to whip the eggs properly and long enough to incorporate as much air as possible. Again, this sponge cake depends on air whipped into the eggs, because we’re not using any chemical leaveners! Properly whipped egg yolks should become creamy pale and at least triple in size. Egg whites should reach stiff peaks, which means when you turn the bowl with stiff meringue upside down, it won’t slide down. However, be careful not to over-beat the egg whites. I know, it’s kind of confusing. But just keep an eye on meringue at this stage. The meringue should still be glossy and have stiff peaks.
- Bake the cake as soon as you make the batter, and don’t let the meringue sit for too long.
- Don’t grease the cake pan. Like angel food cake, sponge cake sticks to the sides of the pan while it rises in the oven and stays nice and tall.
- Don’t open the oven door while baking a sponge cake for at least first 20 minutes, or you risk deflating the cake.
- It’s easier to cut the cake into layers when the cake is fully chilled, preferably overnight. Freshly cooled cake falls apart easily and it’s difficult to cut into layers. That’s why it’s perfect cake to bake ahead.
- When assembling the cake, make sure to brush on simple syrup, or any kind of flavored syrup, liquor or fruit sauce to moisten the cake layers, or the cake will be a bit dry. Sponge cakes take on flavors beautifully!
Ok, onto the step by step instructions with photos!
Sift the cake flour to aerate it. More air, taller the cake!
No cake flour? No problem!
If you don’t have cake flour on hand, don’t worry. It’s super easy to make your own. I do that all the time. Here’s a fabulous tutorial for homemade cake flour, if you have time to read.
But in short, measure 1 ½ cups of all-purpose flour, remove 3 tablespoons of flour, and replace 3 tablespoons of cornstarch. That’s it! Now you just need to sift it well and you’ve got yourself a cake flour.
How to make sponge cake:
Beat the egg yolks with half of the sugar until creamy pale and at least tripled in size. Most of the sugar granules should be completely melted.
Whip the egg whites into glossy meringue with stiff peaks. This is the secret to nice tall and light cake.
Now carefully fold in the meringue into the egg yolk mixture in 3 stages. It’ll be easier to incorporate egg white in stages. Be careful not to deflate the batter! We need all that air for beautiful tall cake!
And then add flour also in stages to ensure a nice and smooth batter.
I absolutely LOVE this beautiful velvety batter!
You can bake this cake into one tall cake, or divide the batter into 2 9-inch cake pans. If baking in one pan, make sure the pan is at least 3 inches tall.
Now, how gorgeous is that sponge cake?!! It’s now ready to take on all the flavors!
I bake 1 tall cake if I want 3 layers, but if I want 4-6 layers I usually bake in 2 or 3 cake pans.
3-Ingredient Sponge Cake
Ingredients
- 6 large eggs at room temperature
- 1 cup (200g) granulated sugar divided Note 1
- 1 ½ cups (180g) plain cake flour
- ½ teaspoon salt optional
Instructions
- Preheat the oven to 350°F (177°C). Line bottom of 1 9-inch springform pan (at least 3 inches tall) or 2 regular 9 or 8-inch cake pans with parchment paper. No need to grease the pan.
- Separate egg whites and yolks, making sure not even a little bit of egg yolk gets into the whites. (TIP: It's easier to separate the egg when they're cold right out of the fridge.)
- In a mixing bowl with whisk attachment, whisk together egg yolks and ½ cup of sugar until pale and tripled in volume, about 5 minutes.
- Meanwhile, sift flour and salt.
- In another mixing bowl with whisk attachment, beat egg whites at medium low speed until foamy.
- Add remaining ½ cup of sugar 1 tablespoon at a time and continue to whisk until stiff peaks, gradually increasing the speed to medium high, 7-10 minutes.
- Using a spatula, add 1/3 of the whipped egg whites into the egg yolk mixture and gently fold until mostly smooth. Add the remaining egg whites and gently fold until smooth.
- Add sifted flour into the batter in 3 stages, whisking the batter well after each addition.
- Pour the batter into prepared pan and smooth the top.
- Bake the cake until inserted toothpick comes out clean, about 40 minutes. Don’t open the oven for at least the first 30 minutes!
- Let the cake cool for 5 minutes in the pan. Then run a knife around the edges and invert onto a cooling rack. Cool completely. Once cooled, wrap with plastic wrap and refrigerate, preferably overnight. It’ll be easier to cut when the cake is thoroughly chilled.
- The sponge cake, tightly wrapped in plastic wrap, can be refrigerated for up to 1 week, or frozen for up to 1 month.
Tips & Notes:
You can use any size of cake pan for this recipe. I’ve tested this recipe in one 9-inch pan at least 3 inches tall, two 9 or 8-inch cake pans at least 2 inches tall, three 7 or 6-inch cake pans at least 2 inches tall. In one 9-inch springform pan, the cake comes out 2 1/4 inches tall, perfect for slicing into 3 layers.
1 9-inch cake pan – about 40 minutes
2 9 or 8-inch pans – 25-30 minutes
3 7 or 6-inch pans – 25-30 minutes
Nutrition Facts:
Janice says
I’m so excited about making this cake for dessert on Saturday night. My son and daughter in law are coming for dinner. My son has to have gluten free ‘everything’ and I wondered if I could use gluten free flour and would it be the same quantity as your recipe and can I use the same method to exchange it for corn starch?
Many thanks.
Shinee says
Hi, Janice. I’ll be honest, I don’t have much experience with gluten-free flours and I didn’t test this recipe with gluten-free flour. So I have no advice.
Mediha says
Your printer function doesn’t work on the recipe. It takes you to a pinterest page.
Shinee says
Hmm, that’s weird. It’s working for me just fine. Are you sure you’re clicking on printer icon and not icon with letter P. The icon with letter P is for Pinterest. Hope that helps.
Bowen Wu says
When do I add the salt?
Shinee says
Hi, Bowen. Sugar is divided and added to egg yolks and whites separately. Please read the recipe directions carefully.
unknown says
i made this and it taste awful, it went really hard and disgusting
Shinee says
Bummer!! I bake this cake ALL THE TIME! It’s my favorite base cake layer. Unfortunately, without much details, like more detailed description of your result and what fillings you used it with, it’s hard for me to offer an advice on what may have gone wrong.
What do you mean it went hard? And disgusting is very subjective. So these descriptions aren’t very helpful in troubleshooting.
Win says
Hi thanks for the nice recipes . So there is no oil needed in this sponge cake ? What’s the difference of this cake from usual sponge cake ( with butter and milk )
Shinee says
Hi, Win. I apologize for my late response to your question. Typically, sponge cake doesn’t have butter or oil. The fat comes from egg yolk only. However, there’s a variation of sponge cake with butter and milk, which I use for my roll cakes, as it has more tender crumbs and more pliable.
Annarita says
Hi, I want to make the sponge for a savoury recipe, do I still put the sugar in it?
Thank you in advance
Annarita
Shinee says
Hi, Annarita. Sugar is one of 3 ingredients in this cake, and without sugar you won’t get that rise and texture.
Annarita says
Thank you x
Jenn says
Hi, would like to try bake on this recipe but I only have size 6 inch and 8 inch round pan (not springform).
And what will be the ingredients measurement? and oven temp and baking time?
Shinee says
Hi, Jenn. Sorry for delayed response. If you have 2 8-in pans, you can use the recipe as written.
Jenn says
Hi Shinee, that’s great and i will try it out soon. Thanks very much for your time.
Diane says
Wis there not much actual cake? 2 1/4 inch cake cut into 3rds ?
Shinee says
Hi, Diane. Not sure I understand the question. You can bake this cake into 1 tall 9-inch cake, or 2 regular cakes. A tall cake comes out 2 1/4 inches tall, and you can cut it into 3 layers, about 3/4-inches each. It may seem too thin, but they make perfect layers, like this cake.