Classic Sponge Cake

4.91 from 11 votes

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Light, airy, and versatile, a classic sponge cake is the perfect base for syrups, liquors, and fruit sauces. Learn how to make a basic recipe using just 3 ingredients, complete with step-by-step instructions, photos, and expert tips! 

Why you’ll love this sponge cake recipe:

Beautifully tall, fluffy, and light, sponge cake is a type of foam cake with a tall and airy structure that comes from whipped eggs, not the chemical leaveners like baking soda or baking powder you find in other cake recipes. 

In addition, classic sponge cakes, like this one, are fat-free, meaning there is no butter or oil in the batter to weigh it down.

  • Sponge cake tends to be on the drier side, but this is actually an advantage! The dry cake layers easily infuse with flavor and moisture from syrups and sauces. 
  • This is a seriously easy recipe, made using just 3 ingredients: eggs, sugar, and cake flour.
  • This simple sponge cake is the perfect canvas for all kinds of layered recipes, like this lemon layer cake with lemon curd or pineapple layer cake

Sponge cakes are an ideal make-ahead cake because it’s better to bake them at least a day in advance. Plus, pretty much all sauces and fillings can be prepared beforehand, too! 

A sponge cake on a cake stand.

Key Ingredient Notes:

  • Eggs – Be sure to use room-temperature eggs, because they’re easier to beat air into.
  • Sugar – Superfine sugar, or caster sugar, is ideal for sponge cakes because it dissolves more quickly than regular granulated sugar.
  • Cake flour – For a lighter, more tender crumb. Compared to all-purpose flour, cake flour is higher in protein and lower in gluten, resulting in a softer, more delicate cake. 

No cake flour? No problem!

If you don’t have cake flour on hand, don’t worry! Simply measure 1 ½ cups of all-purpose flour. Then, remove 3 tablespoons. Replace the 3 tablespoons of flour with cornstarch, and sift it well before using. It’s seriously that easy to make!

Cake flour, salt, sugar, and eggs.

Sponge Cake vs. Angel Food Cake vs. Génoise and Gâteau

Sponge cake is leavened by whipped eggs and doesn’t contain chemical leavening agents like baking powder or baking soda. Regular butter cake, on the other hand, relies on baking powder and baking soda to rise.

  • Angel food cake uses just egg whites, while sponge cake uses both whites and yolks.
  • Génoise and gâteau are also a type of foam cake. However, unlike sponge cakes, they have a little bit of butter in the batter.

How to make a basic sponge cake:

Before you begin:

  • Preheat your oven to 350°F.
  • Line the bottom of one 9-inch springform pan (at least 3 inches tall). (Alternatively, you can use two regular-sized 8 or 9-inch cake pans with parchment paper.) There’s no need to grease the pan.
  • Separate the egg whites from the yolks, making sure not even a single drop of yolk gets into the whites. 

Separate cold eggs

It’s easier to separate the egg yolks from the whites when they’re cold, straight out of the fridge. 

  • Whisk the egg yolks and ½ cup of sugar in a mixing bowl with a whisk attachment until pale and tripled in volume, about 5 minutes. 
Eggs and sugar being combined with a stand mixer.
  • Meanwhile, sift the flour and salt.
  • Don’t skip this step! Sifting the cake flour aerates it. More air equals a taller cake!
  • In a separate mixing bowl fitted with the whisk attachment, beat the egg whites at medium-low speed until foamy.
  • Add the remaining ½ cup of sugar to the egg whites, 1 tablespoon at a time. Continue to whisk until soft peaks form, gradually increasing the speed to medium-high, about 7 minutes.
Egg whites being whipped with a stand mixer.
  • Add ⅓ of the whipped egg whites into the egg yolk mixture, and gently fold until the mixture is mostly smooth. 
  • Add the remaining egg whites, and gently fold until smooth
  • Add the sifted flour into the batter in 3 stages, whisking the batter well after each addition. 
Dry ingredients being sifted into egg yolks.
  • Pour the batter into your prepared baking pan, and smooth the top. 
  • Bake for 40 minutes or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean. Avoid opening the oven for at least the first 30 minutes!
Sponge cake batter being poured into a round cake pan wrapped with aluminum foil.
  • When done, let the cake cool completely in the pan. Then, run a knife around the edges to loosen the sides and remove from the pan. 
  • Wrap the cake in plastic wrap and refrigerate for at least 8 hours, or up to 1 week. The cake is easier to cut when it’s thoroughly chilled.
Sponge cake being removed from a cake pan.

Tips for Success:

  • Be careful when separating the egg whites and yolks. Egg whites won’t whip into stiff peaks if they’re mixed with fat. This includes a drop of egg yolk and even leftover grease in your mixing bowl! Here’s how I separate egg whites and yolks using separate bowls and the shell-to-shell technique. 
  • Cold eggs separate more easily, but room-temperature egg whites whip better. I recommend separating the eggs right away when you first bring them out of the fridge. Then, let the whites come to room temperature for at least 30 minutes before you start making the sponge cake.
  • Properly whipped egg whites are the key to a successful sponge cake. It’s very important to correctly whip the egg whites and to whip them for the correct amount of time. You need to incorporate as much air as possible into the whites because we’re not using any chemical leaveners. Properly whipped egg whites make the cake rise! Take a look at this meringue 101 post for more tips and tricks. 
  • Whip the egg whites until stiff peaks form, but don’t overwhip. You’ll know it’s done if it’s glossy, and you can flip the bowl over without it sliding down. 
  • Properly whipped egg yolks should become creamy pale and at least tripled in size. 
  • Bake the cake as soon as you make the batter, and don’t let the meringue sit for too long.
  • Don’t grease the cake pan. Like angel food cake, sponge cake sticks to the sides of the pan while it rises in the oven and stays nice and tall.
  • Don’t open the oven door for at least the first 20 minutes, or you risk deflating the sponge cake.
  • It’s easier to cut the cake into layers when it is fully chilled, preferably overnight. Freshly cooled cake falls apart easily and is difficult to cut into layers. That’s why sponge cake is the perfect make-ahead cake!
  • Add flavorful toppings. When assembling sponge cake, brush on simple syrup or any kind of flavored syrup, liquor, or fruit sauce to moisten the cake layers. Otherwise, the cake will be dry. Sponge cakes take on flavors beautifully!

Make-Ahead Tips:

Sponge cake batter cannot be made in advance. However, a baked sponge cake can be made up to 1 week in advance! Allow the cake to fully cool. Then, wrap it tightly in plastic wrap, and store it in the refrigerator until you’re ready to decorate. 

You can make any of the following tasty sponge cake toppings ahead of time. So, you’re ready to decorate as soon as your cake comes out of the fridge!

Close up image of four sponge cake layers.

Storing Tips:

  • Allow the sponge cake to cool completely. Then, tightly wrap it in plastic wrap, and refrigerate for up to 1 week
  • Freeze the unfrosted cake for up to 1 month. 
  • Frosted sponge cake is good for up to 5 days in the refrigerator.

FAQs:

What is the secret to a good sponge cake?

There are a few secrets to a good sponge cake! First, whip the egg whites until thick and tripled in size, with soft peaks. Second, be very careful when mixing the flour into the batter, because you don’t want it to deflate. Lastly, adjust your baking time based on the size of your cake pan. A single, large springform pan will take longer than two or three smaller-sized cake pans. 

What makes a cake a sponge cake?

A basic sponge cake recipe consists of eggs, sugar, and flour, and doesn’t include chemical leaveners like baking powder or baking soda. Some sponge cakes, like angel food cakes, only use egg whites. However, most sponge cake recipes use both the white and the yolk. Sponge cakes can taste a little dry and plain, which is why they’re meant to be drizzled with simple syrup or fruit syrup, and decorated with frostings and fillings.

What are the four types of sponge cakes?

There are several different types of sponge cakes, with a handful of them being the most popular. A traditional sponge cake contains just eggs, sugar, and flour, and uses both egg yolks and egg whites. Angel food cake contains eggs, sugar, and flour, but only uses egg whites. Génoise sponge cake adds a little bit of butter to the batter. Chiffon cake is similar to angel food cake but also contains egg yolks and oil. 

Why is sponge cake called sponge cake?

Air-leavened cakes are called sponge cakes because they’re meant to soak up various sugar or fruit syrups like a sponge. Also, the texture of the cake resembles a sponge.

Four sponge cake rounds.
4.91 from 11 votes

Sponge Cake Recipe

This light and airy sponge cake is a base to many delicious cakes! With just 3 ingredients, this classic sponge cake is quick and easy to make, and very versatile to flavor and decorate.
Prep: 50 minutes
Cook: 40 minutes
Total: 1 hour 30 minutes
Servings: 8 servings

Ingredients

  • 6 large eggs at room temperature
  • 1 cup (200 g) granulated sugar divided Note 1
  • 1 ½ cups (180 g) plain cake flour
  • ½ teaspoon salt optional

Instructions 

  • Preheat the oven to 350°F (177°C). Line bottom of one 9-inch springform pan (at least 3 inches tall). No need to grease the pan.
  • Separate egg whites and yolks, making sure not even a little bit of egg yolk gets into the whites. (TIP: It's easier to separate the egg when they're cold right out of the fridge.)
    6 large eggs
  • In a mixing bowl with whisk attachment, whisk together egg yolks and ½ cup of sugar until pale and tripled in volume, about 5 minutes.
    1 cup granulated sugar
  • Meanwhile, sift flour and salt.
    1 ½ cups plain cake flour, ½ teaspoon salt
  • In another mixing bowl with whisk attachment, beat egg whites at medium low speed until foamy.
  • Add remaining ½ cup of sugar 1 tablespoon at a time and continue to whisk until soft peaks, gradually increasing the speed to medium high, 7-10 minutes.
  • Using a spatula, add 1/3 of the whipped egg whites into the egg yolk mixture and gently fold until mostly smooth. Add the remaining egg whites and gently fold until smooth.
  • Add sifted flour into the batter in 3 stages, whisking the batter well after each addition.
  • Pour the batter into prepared pan and smooth the top.
  • Bake the cake until inserted toothpick comes out clean, about 40 minutes. Don’t open the oven for at least the first 30 minutes!
  • Let the cake cool completely in the pan. Then run a knife around the edges and invert onto a cooling rack. Wrap the cooled cake with plastic wrap and refrigerate overnight. It'll be easier to cut when the cake is thoroughly chilled.
  • The sponge cake, tightly wrapped in plastic wrap, can be refrigerated for up to 1 week, or frozen for up to 1 month.

Tips & Notes

Note 1: Fine granulated sugar or caster sugar is ideal for this recipe, as they dissolve quicker.
CAKE PANS & COOKING TIMES:
You can use any size of cake pan for this recipe. I’ve tested this recipe in one 9-inch pan at least 3 inches tall, two 9 or 8-inch cake pans at least 2 inches tall, and three 7 or 6-inch cake pans at least 2 inches tall. In one 9-inch springform pan, the cake comes out 2 ¼ inches tall, perfect for slicing into 3 layers.
1 8 or 9-inch cake pan – about 40 minutes
2 9 or 8-inch pans – 25-30 minutes
3 7 or 6-inch pans – 25-30 minutes

Nutrition

Servings: 1 serving
Calories: 229kcal
Carbohydrates: 42g
Protein: 7g
Fat: 4g
Sugar: 25g
Sodium: 193mg
Course: Dessert
Cuisine: American

This recipe was originally published on February 20, 2019.

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Welcome! I’m so happy you’re here! I believe anyone can cook restaurant-quality food at home! And my goal is to help you to become a confident cook with my easy-to-follow recipes with lots of tips and step-by-step photos.

4.91 from 11 votes (7 ratings without comment)

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41 Comments

  1. I haven’t made the cake yet, but I’m eager to! I am just unsure as to whether or not i need some sort of membrane between the pan and batter like parchment paper since you said not to grease it. This is coming from a complete baking amateur so I’m not sure how silly this question is, lol.

    1. Hin Tentra. Yes, you do need to line the pan with parchment paper, but only on the bottom. You don’t need anything on the sides.

  2. Your beating times are way too long, this cake was hard and way too sweet. Don’t waste your time or your eggs!

    1. Bummer that you didn’t follow the recipe. The beating the egg whites and yolks for that long is the KEY to fluffy and tall cake. Because there’s no leavening agent in the cake, it’s crucial to beat as much as air into the batter.

  3. Boy this really looked good and was looking for a light cake, but oh my gosh, it turned out like a tasteless pound cake. Followed the directions to the tee. Would love to make this right. Don’t know what went wrong any ideas?

    1. Hi, Kathleen! It’s all about whipping the eggs enough because air whipped into the eggs is the only leavening agent in this cake. If you don’t whip enough air into egg yolks and whites, your cake won’t rise well. So, I’d pay closer attention to whipping the egg whites and yolks. Also, be sure not to grease the cake pans!

  4. 4 stars
    I made this for my dad’s birthday cake and I love it! I was just a bit concerned as I was baking that I smelt like scrambled egg. I was afraid it would taste like egg. It did just a bit, but it wasn’t overpowering. But for future, would you recommend adding vanilla essence?

    Also do you rhink I can convert this to other flavours – like chocolate, lemon, etc? If so, do you have tips on subtitions and additions to this recipe?

    1. Hi, Vel. So happy you tried this recipe!! Yes, you can absolutely add different flavors, like vanilla extract, lemon juice/zest, etc. This basic version is a perfect blank canvas and ideal for brushing on flavored sugar syrups. Here’s my lemon sponge cake.

  5. Hi!
    I want to make this for my parents anniversary
    and is it possible to make this with greek yoghurt as a substitute for the eggs?
    Thanks!

  6. Hi!
    I want to make this for my parents anniversary
    and is it possible to make this in a square pan
    and then cut it into circles to make a dome
    thanks!